Kabaddi: rules, roles, and practical strategy

Learn the flow of a raid, essential positions, safe holds, and decision patterns for both raiders and defenders. Finish with a short, self-check quiz.

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Rules & basics

Court • Teams • Raid cycle • Safe play

Court & teams

  • Two halves separated by a midline; bonus/baulk lines vary by competition.
  • Seven players on the court per side; substitutes available per competition rules.
  • Play proceeds in alternating raids: one attacker crosses into the opponent half, tries to make legal touches, and returns.

Raid cycle

  1. Entry: Raider crosses the midline within the time limit.
  2. Action: Legal touch attempts or a safe retreat to reset pressure.
  3. Return: Raider must reach their half for the action to count.
  4. Result: Officials signal outcomes; team lists update and players are revived as per competition rules.

Safe play & common fouls

  • Illegal or dangerous holds are not allowed (e.g., twisting joints, face/neck contact).
  • Out-of-bounds: stepping beyond the side lines without contact typically ends the action against the mover.
  • Time violations: exceeding the raid clock results in the raid ending against the raider.

Exact competition rules can differ; this page keeps to neutral, learner-friendly basics.

Raider

Crosses over to create legal touch actions and attempts a safe return. Balance quick steps with controlled exits.

Defenders

Hold formation, communicate, and coordinate safe tackles. Corners and covers work together to close angles.

Captain

Keeps structure, calls formations, and manages tempo (fast vs. controlled) depending on the line-up on court.

Strategy & decision patterns

For raiders • For defenders • Scenarios • Checklists

For raiders

  • Entry line: Approach diagonally to keep multiple exits open.
  • Trigger & read: Small feints near corners; watch defenders’ weight shift before committing.
  • Touch types: Toe touch, hand touch, or running hand touch—pick the lowest-risk option for the space available.
  • Exit rule: Commit only if your return path is clear; reset if the formation looks balanced.
Tip

With fewer defenders on court, widen your arc; with more defenders, shorten actions and prioritize a clean exit.

For defenders

  • Shape first: Corners hold width, covers patrol gaps; avoid over-committing alone.
  • Call & close: Decide early who initiates; others close from safe angles.
  • Legal holds only: Aim for trunk/legs with safe technique; avoid face/neck or twisting joints.
  • Numbers matter: With fewer defenders, delay and funnel; with more, compress space and trap near the line.
Tip

If the raider is near the side line, use the boundary as an extra barrier—close angles, don’t chase straight.

Scenario 1 (raider)

  1. Do: Feint at right corner; retreat half-step to draw cover.
  2. Why: Opens the inside lane if cover overreacts.
  3. How: Hand touch on overextended cover; exit diagonally to midline.

Scenario 2 (defense)

  1. Do: Corner delays; cover initiates from trunk side.
  2. Why: Avoids straight line chases; uses angle & support.
  3. How: Secure legs/hips; second defender wraps above hips (no neck/face contact).

Scenario 3 (tempo)

  1. Do: Slow the pace after a long rally; reset shape.
  2. Why: Prevents chaotic exchanges after energy-heavy plays.
  3. How: Use disciplined entries and quick retreats for two raids.

Raider checklist

  • Enter on a diagonal; keep two exits in mind.
  • Commit only when exit path is visible.
  • Prefer the simplest legal touch available.
  • Reset if formation stays balanced; avoid rushed dives.

Defender checklist

  • Hold width; cover the inside lanes first.
  • One initiates, others close—decide early.
  • Target trunk/legs with safe technique; avoid risky holds.
  • Use the side line as a natural barrier; don’t over-chase.

Knowledge check (advanced)

Immediate feedback • Detailed explanations • Retake anytime
1) The raider’s primary objective is to…
2) If the raid clock expires while the raider is still in the opponent half…
3) The baulk line is primarily used to indicate that…
4) The bonus line (where used) typically allows a raider to score a bonus point when…
5) A “do-or-die” raid (in competitions that use it) generally means…
6) “Super tackle” (where used) awards the defense extra points when…
7) An “all out” typically occurs when…
8) A raider stepping out of bounds without contact usually means…
9) “Lobby” usage (where marked) generally becomes active when…
10) Which hold is generally considered unsafe/illegal?
11) Best raider entry to keep options open is usually…
12) On defense, “call & close” means…
13) A “running hand touch” is typically chosen when…
14) With fewer defenders on court, sound defense often prefers to…
15) Player revival typically occurs when your team…
16) After two consecutive empty raids (format-dependent), the next raid is often…
17) The “cant/chant” (where enforced) primarily indicates that the raider…
18) As captain, the most useful mid-game call when shape is breaking is to…
19) Safest guideline for second/third tacklers is to target…
20) Best late-game approach when leading narrowly is to…

Note: Exact line, bonus, super-tackle, and do-or-die rules can vary across competitions. This quiz uses neutral, widely seen interpretations.